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                    [0] => The National Film Unit was established to publicise New Zealand's participation and achievements during the Second World War. After 1945 the Film Unit expanded from producing weekly newsreels to making documentaries and films to the order of Government Departments. During its existence the Film Unit produced films for national organisations as well as many films on its own initiative. The private film industry in New Zealand relied heavily on the National Film Unit's extensive film processing facilities.
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	1. American Cinematographer, Vol 60, No. 3, March 1979 2. 'CINEMA', from An Encyclopeadia of New Zealand, edited by A.H. McLintock, originally published in 1966. Te-Ara - The Encyclopedia of New Zealand, updated 9-Jun-2006. URL:http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/1966/C/Cinema/en. Viewed 21 September 2006. 3. Directory of Official Information, 1987. The State Services Commission. Wellington 1987. 4. Fry, Margot: A Servant of Many Masters: A History of the National Film Unit 1941-1946. Unpublished Masters Thesis. Victoria University Wellington 1995. 5. New Zealand Official Yearbook, 1946 6. New Zealand's Heritage, Part 93 7. New Zealand Tourist and Publicity Department Annual Report, 1987 8. Sowry, Clive, Article in periodical Cinema Papers, May-June 1980, Cinema Papers Pty. North Melbourne 1980. 9. Sowry, Clive, Chapter on film in Fraser, Bryce (et al) The New Zealand Book of Events, Reed Methuen, Auckland. 1986 10. TO 48/31 Amalgamation of Publicity Department with Tourist Department, 1950, Archives New Zealand Tourist Department (TO) Record Group 11. TO 49/87/10 Establishment of the National Film Unit, 1942-46, Archives New Zealand Tourist Department (TO) Record Group
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            [history] => 

	The State's involvement in film making can be traced back to 1907 when the Government Tourist Department employed J. McDonald to make some newsreels on New Zealand subjects to send overseas. Later on the Government Photography Office, operating under the Department of Agriculture made several films. In 1923 the Photography Office was absorbed by the Publicity Office, a new division of the Department of Internal Affairs. Scenic "shorts" and travelogues were produced for local and overseas tourist promotion. A private company "Filmcraft Ltd" was contracted to process these movies, and it built the Miramar Film Studios in 1928. In 1930, the Publicity Office became part of the new Department of Industry and Commerce, Tourist and Publicity. The department acquired Filmcraft's interest in the Miramar Studios in 1936, which became the Government Motion Picture and Advertising Studios.The 1940 Centennial film One Hundred Crowded Years was the fledgling studio's first significant production.

	Impressed by the quality of war newsreels produced by other countries such as the United Kingdom and Canada, the Government established the National Film Unit in August 1941 to help publicise the war effort. The inauguration of the National Film Unit marked a change in policy to that of its predecessor. An important aim was to highlight New Zealand's participation in the war effort both overseas and on the home front. The Film Unit produced a regular and popular information newsreel entitled "Weekly Review".

	

	In policy matters, the Film Unit was answerable to the Wartime Director of Publicity attached to the Prime Minister's Department, while the administration of the studios remained in the control of the Department of Industry and Commerce, Tourist and Publicity. In 1946 the National Film Unit became part of the Information Section of the Prime Minister's Department. The "Weekly Review" continued after the war, and the Film Unit also began making documentaries concerning national problems and undertakings, as well as films to the order of various government departments. The National Film Unit maintained considerable independent control over its operations and in the content of films produced.

	In 1949 the incoming National Government undertook a wide ranging review of the National Film Unit. As a result of the review the National Film Unit became part of the Publicity Division of an expanded Department of Tourist and Publicity. Removal from the ambit of the Prime Ministers Department was seen by some as a downgrading of the independent status of the Film Unit. The National Film Unit was now placed firmly within the Public Service.

	This new status was underlined by the selection of films to be made, which was to be determined by a Cabinet Sub-Committee. A new position of Manager was created which replaced the Producer as the senior position in the Film Unit. The Producer subsequently no longer had a role in policy fomulation. More robust accounting procedures were introduced and there was closer supervision of annual budgets. The Film Unit was also required to become a self contained trading unit and to compete with private enterprise. Efforts to compete in the commercial environment were greatly limited due to the largely non trade nature of the films the National Film Unit produced and the fact that the private film industry in New Zealand relied on the Film Unit's laboratories for nearly all its processing requirements. The film processing section became the Film Unit's biggest single revenue-earning operation.

	

	Production of the Weekly Review ceased in August 1950 due to budgetary constraints and work demands from other departments. Allegations were also made that it was politically biased. Four hundred and sixty episodes in all were produced. In 1952 a monthly magazine film entitled "Pictorial Parade" was first screened and this became the Unit's main output until production ceased in 1971. The Unit also made documentaries at the request of government departments, films for national organisations, as well as many important films on its own initiative.

	The arrival of television as a new medium in 1960 gave the National Film Unit increased demand for its processing facilities from the New Zealand Brodcasting Corporation. In the long term though there was competition between the two agencies for staff and resources as the NZBC developed its own film production facilities. During the 1960s efforts were made to integrate the Film Unit with the NZBC. The National Film Unit succesfully remained a separate entity based at Miramar until 1978 when the Unit moved to the new studio complex in Lower Hutt. In November 1988 The State Services Commission's Video Unit was merged with the National Film Unit.

	By 1990 the Unit consisted of seven main sections: Production, Laboratory, Facilities, Video Services, Technical Services, Marketing and Administration/Finance. The Unit's role was to provide commercial services which met the needs of government and the private sector in the field of film and video production and sales, film and video processing, production services, and film consultancy services. Archives New Zealand, Wellington took over responsibility for the restoration and preservation of the National Film Unit's extensive archival film collection in 1988. In 1988 the Government announced its intention to sell the National Film Unit. In March 1990 the National Film Unit was sold to Television New Zealand.

	During the 1990's a portion of the National Film Unit films were transferred to Archives New Zealand. The remaining National Film Unit films were managed by Television New Zealand's Archive until the closure of the Archive in 2013.
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                    [0] => Array
                        (
                            [name] => New Zealand Government Motion Picture and Advertising Studios
                            [type] => predecessor
                            [hasBeginningDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1941-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => exact
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [itemType] => Agency
                            [relationHasTarget] => AGBA
                        )

                    [1] => Array
                        (
                            [name] => Department of Industries and Commerce, Tourist and Health Resorts and Publicity
                            [type] => predecessor
                            [hasBeginningDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1930-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => exact
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [itemType] => Agency
                            [relationHasTarget] => AAZL
                        )

                    [2] => Array
                        (
                            [name] => Public Service Commission
                            [type] => predecessor
                            [hasBeginningDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1987-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => exact
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [itemType] => Agency
                            [relationHasTarget] => AAFH
                        )

                    [3] => Array
                        (
                            [name] => The Film Unit Limited
                            [type] => successor
                            [hasBeginningDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1990-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => exact
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [itemType] => Agency
                            [relationHasSource] => AENS
                        )

                    [4] => Array
                        (
                            [name] => Television New Zealand Limited
                            [type] => successor
                            [hasBeginningDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => unknown
                                        )

                                )

                            [itemType] => Agency
                            [relationHasSource] => ABHJ
                        )

                )

            [setSpec] => agency
        )

)