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Array
(
    [entityType] => ITEM
    [entity] => Array
        (
            [contextId] => aims
            [description] => Array
                (
                    [0] => Wanganui was designated a port of entry in 1851. The port was staffed by a Collector of Customs, responsible for the administration and observation of Customs legislation.
                )

            [id] => ADGR
            [idSort] => ADGR
            [name] => Customs - Wanganui
            [custom] => Array
                (
                    [custom1] => This agency description was compiled as part of a project to capture the finding aids created prior to 1987 into the GAIMS system. The agency start date is based on the known date of the agency's existence and the end date for this agency is based on the dates of the holdings of the Customs - Wanganui Record Group. The records were transferred to National Archives from Customs Wanganui Office in 1976.  

The Customs Records Group documentation includes a number of appendices including: Glossary of terms in common use in the Customs Department; Acts not administered by the Customs Department but which affect the work of customs officers; and List of ports of entry. This data has not been captured into GLADIS.
                    [custom2] => McGill, David, 1991, The guardians at the gate: the history of the New Zealand Customs Department. Wellington, New Zealand: Silver Owl Press. 

Archives New Zealand, undated, Customs (C) Record Group, administrative history. 

Appendices to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1861, B-7.
                )

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                    [priref] => Array
                        (
                            [0] => 1753
                        )

                )

            [agentControlRelation] => Array
                (
                    [0] => Array
                        (
                            [name] => Realm of New Zealand
                            [type] => controlled_by
                            [hasBeginningDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1947-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => exact
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [hasEndDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1963-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => approximate
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [itemType] => Organisation
                            [relationHasSource] => A0020
                        )

                    [1] => Array
                        (
                            [name] => Dominion of New Zealand
                            [type] => controlled_by
                            [hasBeginningDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1907-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => exact
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [hasEndDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1947-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => exact
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [itemType] => Organisation
                            [relationHasSource] => A0009
                        )

                    [2] => Array
                        (
                            [name] => Self-Governing Colony of New Zealand
                            [type] => controlled_by
                            [hasBeginningDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1853-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => exact
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [hasEndDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1907-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => exact
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [itemType] => Organisation
                            [relationHasSource] => A0005
                        )

                    [3] => Array
                        (
                            [name] => Crown Colony of New Zealand (II)
                            [type] => controlled_by
                            [hasBeginningDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1851-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => exact
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [hasEndDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1853-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => exact
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [itemType] => Organisation
                            [relationHasSource] => A0004
                        )

                )

            [agentHierarchicalRelation] => Array
                (
                    [0] => Array
                        (
                            [name] => Customs - Head Office
                            [type] => controlling
                            [hasBeginningDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1851-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => exact
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [hasEndDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1963-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => approximate
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [itemType] => Agency
                            [relationHasTarget] => ACIF
                        )

                )

            [agentMandateOther] => Array
                (
                    [0] => Immigration Restriction Act 1899
                    [1] => Customs Duties Act 1858
                    [2] => Imbecile Passengers Act 1873
                    [3] => Beer Duty Act 1880
                    [4] => Customs Regulation Act 1858
                    [5] => Distillation Act 1868
                    [6] => Customs Regulation Ordinance Act 1841
                    [7] => Customs Act 1913
                )

            [agentType] => Record group
            [authorityRelation] => Array
                (
                    [0] => Array
                        (
                            [name] => Office papers
                            [type] => controlling
                            [hasBeginningDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1878-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => approximate
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [hasEndDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1939-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => approximate
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [itemType] => Series
                            [relationHasTarget] => 16538
                        )

                    [1] => Array
                        (
                            [name] => Shipping report books
                            [type] => controlling
                            [hasBeginningDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1915-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => approximate
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [hasEndDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1963-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => approximate
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [itemType] => Series
                            [relationHasTarget] => 16537
                        )

                    [2] => Array
                        (
                            [name] => Register of accidents to waterside workers
                            [type] => controlling
                            [hasBeginningDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1907-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => approximate
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [hasEndDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1936-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => approximate
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [itemType] => Series
                            [relationHasTarget] => 16536
                        )

                    [3] => Array
                        (
                            [name] => Outwards letterbooks
                            [type] => controlling
                            [hasBeginningDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1877-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => approximate
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [hasEndDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1924-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => approximate
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [itemType] => Series
                            [relationHasTarget] => 16535
                        )

                    [4] => Array
                        (
                            [name] => Inwards circulars
                            [type] => controlling
                            [hasBeginningDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1862-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => approximate
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [hasEndDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1932-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => approximate
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [itemType] => Series
                            [relationHasTarget] => 16534
                        )

                    [5] => Array
                        (
                            [name] => Inwards letters and subject files
                            [type] => controlling
                            [hasBeginningDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1867-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => approximate
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [hasEndDate] => Array
                                (
                                    [normalizedValue] => 1931-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => approximate
                                            [1] => yearOnly
                                        )

                                )

                            [itemType] => Series
                            [relationHasTarget] => 16533
                        )

                )

            [digitalRecordInArchive] => 
            [hasBeginningDate] => Array
                (
                    [type] => YearStart
                    [normalizedValue] => 1851-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                        (
                            [0] => exact
                            [1] => yearOnly
                        )

                )

            [hasEndDate] => Array
                (
                    [type] => YearEnd
                    [normalizedValue] => 1963-01-01T00:00:00.0Z
                    [dateQualifier] => Array
                        (
                            [0] => approximate
                            [1] => yearOnly
                        )

                )

            [history] => 
Wanganui was designated a port of entry in 1851, despite a customs office being established there since 1848 [1].  Ports of entry were places where it was legal for overseas shipping to report and land cargo.  The Sub-Collector of Customs (later renamed Collector of Customs) managed the port and all matters regarding administration of Customs legislation, including collecting customs duties and regulating the arrival and departure of shipping vessels.  Major David Stark Durie was Wanganui’s first Sub-Collector. 
Customs Department officers were often called upon to occupy additional government posts such as Sub-Treasurer, Resident Magistrate, and Postmaster.  This was the case in 1861 in Wanganui where the Collector, Charles Sharp, also held the offices of Licensing Officer and Postmaster [2].
The Customs Act 1858 regulated the collection and management of customs revenue and established a Commissioner of Customs.  From 1866 the Customs Department began taxation of internal produced goods through excise duties and collected duty on imported goods. The department also administered the Distillation Act 1868, which regulated distillation and the licensing of brewers, and the Beer Duty Act of 1880, which placed an excise duty on the production of beer. Collectors of Customs acted as Inspectors of Distilleries.  At some ports Collectors also acted as Registrars of Shipping and Superintendents of Mercantile Marine.
Customs officials also became responsible for the administration of legislation relating to immigration, including the Imbecile Passengers Act 1873, and the Immigration Restriction Act 1899.
Functions and responsibilities of the Customs Department included:
a) regulation of the arrival and departure of shipping vessels;
b) collection of customs duties;
c) regulation of the import and export of goods;
d) supervision of the delivery, accounting and packing, seizing and disposing of forfeited goods, preventing and detecting smuggling;
e) collection of excise duties excise duty on spirits including the licensing of plants used in making distilled spirit;
f) collection of beer duty including the licensing of brewers;
g) enforcement of immigration and emigration legislation;
h) examination of mail.
Under the the Customs Act 1913 the Department’s permanent head became known as the Comptroller of Customs. The Comptroller reported to the Minister of Customs, with the Collector of Customs at each port reporting to the Comptroller (who was based at the Department’s Head Office in Wellington).
Footnotes
1.  The guardians at the gate, p.32.
2.  AJHR, 1861 B-7, p.3
            [isAssociatedWithPlace] => Array
                (
                    [0] => Array
                        (
                            [location] => Wanganui, Wanganui-Manawatu
                        )

                )

            [itemType] => Agency
            [rdfType] => agent
            [recordIsMissing] => 
            [setSpec] => agency
        )

)