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                    [0] => The National Service Department was responsible for the administration of government regulations regarding military mobilisation and conscription, and control of manpower for essential wartime industries during the Second World War.
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            [name] => National Service Department, Head Office
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	Armed Forces Appeal Boards were located at: Auckland Wellington Whangarei Hamilton Christchurch Napier Wanganui Dunedin Greymouth District Advisory Man-power Committees were located at: Auckland Wanganui New Plymouth Paeroa Nelson Whangarei Napier Palmerston North Greymouth Hamilton Gisborne Christchurch Wellington Masterton Timaru Dunedin Invercargill
                    [custom2] => 

	Martin, John E., 1996, Holding the Balance - A History of New Zealand's Department of Labour, Canterbury University Press, Christchurch, New Zealand.

	Crawford, John (Ed.), 2000, Kia Kaha - New Zealand in the Second World War, Oxford University Press, Auckland, New Zealand.

	Montgomerie, Deborah, 2001, The Women's War - New Zealand Women 1939-45, Auckland University Press, Auckland, New Zealand

	National Service Department - Reports of the National Service Department and of the Industrial Man-power Division on the Activities of the National Service Department Under the National Service Emergency Regulations 1940, Emergency Reserve Corps Regulations 1941, and the Industrial Man-power Emergency Regulations 1942, H.11A, Appendix to the Journal of the House of Represenatives 1943, Government Printer, Wellington, 1943.

	Report of the National Service Department on Activities Under the National Service Emergency Regulations 1940, Emergency Reserve Corps Regulations 1941, and the Industrial Man-power Emergency Regulations 1944, H.11A, Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives 1944, Volume II, Government Printer, Wellington, 1945. 
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            [agentMandateDisEstablishing] => Employment Act 1945
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                    [0] => Sale of Rabbit Skins Emergency Regulations 1942 (SR 1942/103)
                    [1] => General Reserve Classification Order 1940, Amendment No.1 (SR 1940/164)
                    [2] => National Service Emergency Regulations 1940, Amendment No.4 (SR 1941/73)
                    [3] => Closing of Shops (Late Night) Emergency Regulations 1942 (SR 1942/2)
                    [4] => Industrial Man-power Emergency Regulations 1942 (SR 1942/296)
                    [5] => National Service Ministers Emergency Regulations 1942 (SR 1942/218)
                    [6] => Registration for Employment Order No. 3 (SR 1942/218)
                    [7] => National Service Emergency Regulations 1940, Amendment No.8 (SR 1942/5)
                    [8] => Emergency Reserve Corps Regulations 1940, Amendment No.1 (SR 1941/33)
                    [9] => Emergency Reserve Corp Enrolment Order 1943 (SR 1943/70)
                    [10] => Closing of Shops (Late Night) Emergency Regulations 1942, Amendment No.1 (SR 1942/57)
                    [11] => Emergency Reserve Corps Regulations 1941, Amendment No.3 (SR 1942/187)
                    [12] => Metal Trades Workers Registration Order 1942 (SR 1942/73)
                    [13] => National Service Emergency Regulations 1940, Amendment No.7 (SR 1941/210)
                    [14] => Registration for Employment Order No. 4 (SR 1942/239)
                    [15] => Emergency Precautions Regulations 1940 (SR 1940/187)
                    [16] => Emergency Reserve Corps Regulations 1941, Amendment No.1 (SR 1941/234)
                    [17] => Timber Workers' Registration Order 1942 (SR 1942/130)
                    [18] => Scientists and Technicians Registration Order 1943 (SR 1943/14)
                    [19] => Emergency Reserve Corps Regulations 1940 (SR 1940/188)
                    [20] => Lighting Restrictions Emergency Regulations 1941 (SR 1941/18)
                    [21] => National Service Emergency Regulations 1940, Amendment No.5 (SR 1941/148)
                    [22] => General Reserve Classification Order 1942 (SR 1942/56)
                    [23] => National Service Emergency Regulations 1940, Amendment No.13 (SR 1942/238)
                    [24] => Registration for Employment Order No. 1 (SR 1942/71)
                    [25] => Emergency Reserve Corps Regulations 1940, Amendment No.2 (SR 1941/153)
                    [26] => Emergency Shelter Regulations 1942, Amendment No.2 (SR 1942/189)
                    [27] => Emergency Reserve Corps Regulations 1941, Amendment No.4 (SR 1943/21)
                    [28] => General Reserve Classification Order 1940, Amendment No.3 (SR 1941/29)
                    [29] => National Service Emergency Regulations 1940, Amendment No.1 (SR 1940/186)
                    [30] => Registration for Employment Order No. 6 (SR 1942/291)
                    [31] => Emergency Shelter Regulations 1942, Amendment No.3 (SR 1942/297)
                    [32] => Public Revenues Act 1926
                    [33] => Registration for Employment Order No. 8 (SR 1943/24)
                    [34] => National Service Emergency Regulations 1940, Amendment No.11 (SR 1942/158)
                    [35] => Registration for Employment Order No. 5 (SR 1942/281)
                    [36] => General Reserve Classification Order 1940, Amendment No.2 (SR 1940/224)
                    [37] => Industrial Man-power Emergency Regulations 1942, Amendment No.1 (SR 1943/61)
                    [38] => National Service Emergency Regulations 1940, Amendment No.15 (SR 1944/14)
                    [39] => Industrial Man-power Emergency Regulations 1944 (SR 1944/8)
                    [40] => National Service Emergency Regulations 1940, Amendment No.2 (SR 1940/223)
                    [41] => Social Security (Supplementary) Regulations 1940 (SR 1940/50)
                    [42] => National Service Emergency Regulations 1940, Amendment No.9 (SR 1942/69)
                    [43] => Emergency Reserve Corp Enrolment Order 1942 (SR 1942/10)
                    [44] => General Reserve Classification Order 1940 (SR 1940/133)
                    [45] => National Service Emergency Regulations 1940, Amendment No.6 (SR 1941/154)
                    [46] => Emergency Shelter Regulations 1942, Amendment No.1 (SR 1942/92)
                    [47] => Emergency Reserve Corps Regulations 1941, Amendment No.2 (SR 1942/93)
                    [48] => Lighting Restrictions Emergency Regulations 1941, Amendment No.3 (SR 1942/270)
                    [49] => Employment Restriction Order No.1(SR 1942/135)
                    [50] => National Service Emergency Regulations 1940, Amendment No.10 (SR 1942/142)
                    [51] => National Service Emergency Regulations 1940, Amendment No.14 (SR 1943/6)
                    [52] => Rehabilitation Act 1941
                    [53] => Registration for Employment Order No. 9 1944 (SR 1944/8)
                    [54] => Lighting Restrictions Emergency Regulations 1941, Amendment No.2 (SR 1941/98)
                    [55] => National Service Emergency Regulations 1940, Amendment No.12 (SR 1942/188)
                    [56] => Registration for Employment Order No. 2 (SR 1942/97)
                    [57] => Registration for Employment Order No. 7 (SR 1942/292)
                    [58] => Closing of Shops (Late Night) Emergency Regulations 1942, Amendment No.2 (SR 1942/231)
                    [59] => Cheese Industry (Registration of Employment) Order 1941 (SR 1941/103)
                    [60] => National Service Emergency Regulations 1940 (SR 1940/117)
                    [61] => Emergency Fire Service Conditions of Service Order 1941 (SR 1941/33)
                    [62] => Home Guard Enrolment Order No.1 (SR 1942/119)
                    [63] => Emergency Reserve Corp Enrolment Order 1942, Amendment No.1 (SR 1942/37)
                    [64] => Emergency Fire Service Conditions of Service Order 1941, Amendment No.1 (SR 1943/136)
                    [65] => Lighting Restrictions Emergency Regulations 1941, Amendment No.4 (SR 1943/84)
                    [66] => National Service Emergency Regulations 1940, Amendment No.3 (SR 1941/3)
                    [67] => Emergency Reserve Corps Regulations 1941 (SR 1941/194)
                    [68] => Industrial Absenteeism Emergency Regulations 1942 (SR 1942/143)
                    [69] => Building and Allied Trades' Workers' Registration Order 1942 (SR 1942/72)
                    [70] => Emergency Precautions Services (Conditions of Service) Order 1942 (SR 1942/94)
                    [71] => Emergency Shelter Regulations 1942 (SR 1942/1)
                    [72] => Lighting Restrictions Emergency Regulations 1941, Amendment No.1 (SR 1941/81)
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            [history] => 

	Establishment

	With the possibility of war breaking out in Europe in the late 1930’s, a Departmental Manpower committee was set up to consider the conservation of manpower and its possible redistribution to meet war conditions. This committee compiled a ‘schedule of important occupations’ which would be used for the purpose of deciding who should remain employed in ‘essential’ industries, and those who should be permitted to join the Armed Forces.

	Enlistment in the Armed Forces was on a voluntary basis at the outbreak of war in September 1939. However, by early 1940 the implementation of compulsory military service became necessary. In June 1940, the government issued the National Service Emergency Regulations in order to facilitate the mobilisation of personnel for military service. This led to the creation of the National Service Department in July 1940.

	The Department inherited the Registration Branch of the Social Security Department, which became the Manpower Division. It also absorbed the Employment Division of the Department of Labour, which became the Employment and Rehabilitation Division (it remained a separate entity in terms of the administration of employment promotion and placement activities, and continued to be responsible to the Minister of Labour).

	Functions and Responsibilities

	The Department was concerned with the mobilisation of personnel – initially mobilisation for military service, later to include the mobilisation of manpower for industrial service. It also administered manpower controls to insure that essential industries would not be stripped of qualified workers during military mobilisation.

	The Department also subsidised approved works and industries as well as providing vocational guidance to youth. Vocational guidance was available through Vocational Guidance Officers in the regional Youth Centres located in Auckland, Christchurch, Dunedin, Wellington and Napier.

	Another function of the Department was to investigate the military and industrial obligations of all persons over 16 years of age applying for exit permits from New Zealand. These permits were issued by the Department of Internal Affairs and were approved only in exceptional circumstances.

	In November 1945 the Department assumed responsibility for advising European-British persons of employment opportunities available to them in New Zealand. As assisted migration schemes had been suspended since the start of the war, this responsibility applied only to informing people who were coming on their own initiative.

	Structure

	The Department was headed by a Director of National Service who was responsible to a Minister of National Service. Head Office was organised into the following divisions and sections:

	Military Mobilisation Division - established as the Manpower Division (it was renamed the Military Mobilisation Division in 1942), it consisted of the former Registration Branch of the Social Security Department (which was responsible for the compilation of a register of information on the industrial, economic, and sociological condition of the population) and was responsible for all matters relating to the calling-up of men and recruitment of women for service with the military forces, appeals against such service, and related matters.

	Industrial Manpower Division - established as the Employment and Rehabilitation Division, the division was responsible for the control and administration of all measures of industrial mobilisation. In November 1943 the Rehabilitation Department assumed responsibility for the placement of ex-servicemen in employment.

	Civil Defence Division - responsible for the central administration of civil defence throughout New Zealand. The division was shut down in March 1944, with staff still engaged in civil defence work being transferred to the Department of Internal Affairs on 1 April.

	Records Section - responsible for the internal records of the Department, including individual files and a master index of men registered for service.

	Accounts Section - responsible for the financial and accounting aspects of the Department's activities.

	Statistical Research Section - conducted statistical survey, forecasts, and technical researches.

	When the National Service Department was established, it incorporated the 22 district offices of the Employment Division of the Department of Labour. In total, the Department had 25 district offices which were staffed by District Manpower officers. The officers would screen the armed forces volunteers to insure that industrial activity would not be unduly interfered with.

	The National Service Department was either responsible for, or had some relationship with the following organisations:

	Armed Forces Appeal Board and Special Tribunal - Six Armed Forces Appeal Boards were formed in late 1940 (later increased by three temporary boards) under the National Service Emergency Regulations. These Boards were responsible for hearing appeals against overseas military service. Appeals that were upheld were sent to a Special Tribunal, which directed the appellant to a non-combatant role, or a job in an essential industry. The Tribunal also ensured that those men who were redirected to jobs did not earn more in wages than if he had been serving in the armed forces.

	Civil Defence School of Instruction - The Civil Defence School of Instruction was administered by the Civil Defence Division of the National Service Department. The school trained people in Elementary Fire-fighting, Elementary First Aid, Protection against High explosives, UBX (Unexploded Bombs), Crowd Dispersal, resuscitation, Stretcher Bearing, Personal and General Hygiene, and Elementary Chemical Warfare.

	Conscientious Objectors and Defaulters’ Detention Camps - While the Armed Forces Appeal Boards and Special Tribunal dealt with the cases of conscientious objectors, the National Service Department established and administered defaulters’ detention camps. These camps were situated in Strathmore (Wellington), Shannon, Hautu, Balmoral, Oio, Puketapu, Matanuku, Maramarua, Riverhead, Galatea, and Conical Hill. 

	Emergency Precautions Scheme - Established in August 1940 under the Emergency Precautions Regulations, the Emergency Precautions Scheme (EPS) was administered by the Department. The EPS was responsible for community safety from emergency conditions such as enemy attacks, epidemics and natural disasters.

	Home Aid Service - In August 1945, the National Service Department established the Home Aid Service. Concerns had been raised during the war of the shortage of domestic servants due to the direction of manpower and the movement of women into essential industries. The Service provided domestic assistance to those women in urgent need. Responsibility for the administration of the Home Aid Service would eventually pass to the National Employment Service.

	Home Guard - Recruitment and coordination of the Home Guard was the responsibility of the National Service Department. It was organised on a voluntary basis by local bodies (in association with the Department) from August 1940 until April 1941, when the Home Guard Enrolment Order No.1 required all men between the ages 35 and 50 to enrol (or re-enrol) in the Emergency Reserve Corp (which the Home Guard was a part of).

	State Placement Service - The State Placement Service (established by the Employment Division of the Department of Labour and at one stage part of the Social Security Department) merged with the Industrial Manpower Division of the National Service Department in January 1942. This was done to improve the coordination of industrial activities and manpower resources. The Service was responsible for the registration of the unemployed, as well as matching people to jobs.

	Women's Land Service - established for the purpose of maintaining food-production when the threat of invasion to New Zealand necessitated the withdrawal to the military forces every possible fit man from farming and other industries. Primarily administered by District Manpower Officers and the Department.

	Women’s War Service Auxiliary - From July 1942, the National Service Department was responsible for the enlistment of women in the Women’s Auxiliary Air Force (WAAF), the Women’s Royal New Zealand Naval Service (WRENS), and the Women’s Auxiliary Army Corp (WAAC).

	Youth Centres - Operated by the Employment Division of the National Service Department (in conjunction with the Department of Education), vocational guidance was available to boys and girls through Vocational Guidance Officers in regional Youth Centres located in Auckland, Christchurch, Dunedin, Wellington and Napier.

	Disestablishment

	By 31 March 1946, the wartime tasks of the National Service Department had ended, with a few administrative functions completed in the following months. The Department, and its staff, were absorbed by the National Employment Service, which was established 1 April 1946.
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